Yeast Infection
What is Yeast Infection?
Vulvovaginal Candidiasis (yeast infection) is one of the most common causes of vulvovaginal itching and discharge. It is caused by candida albican and other species. Candida is a normal vaginal flora, yeast infection happens when there is overgrowth can lead to discomfort.
Transmission
While yeast infections are not considered STIs, sexual activity can still contribute to their development or spread. Sexual activity can introduce new bacteria and other organisms into the vagina, disrupting the natural balance of bacteria and fungi and leading to an overgrowth of Candida.
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Prevention
There are several steps that can help prevent yeast infections, including:- Keep the genital area clean and dry.
- Wear loose-fitting clothing.
- Avoid irritants.
- Limit sugar intake: Yeast thrives on sugar, so limiting your sugar intake can help prevent yeast overgrowth.
- Practice safe sex.
- Use antibiotics judiciously: Antibiotics can disrupt the balance of bacteria and fungi in the body, leading to an increased risk of yeast infections. Only use antibiotics when necessary and as prescribed by a healthcare provider.
Signs and Symptoms
The symptoms of a yeast infection can vary depending on the location and severity of the infection, but they typically include:
Symptoms include
- Itching and irritation in the vagina and vulva
- Burning sensation during urination or sex
- Redness and swelling of the vulva
- White, thick, clumpy discharge that resembles cottage cheese
- Pain or discomfort during sex
- A strong, unpleasant odor (less common)
Treatments
Over-the-counter antifungal creams or suppositories: These medications are available without a prescription and are inserted into the vagina to treat the infection. Examples include miconazole (Monistat) and clotrimazole (Gyne-Lotrimin).
Prescription antifungal medications: If the infection is severe or recurrent, a healthcare provider may prescribe an oral antifungal medication, such as fluconazole (Diflucan).
Short-term topical corticosteroids: These medications may be prescribed to help relieve itching and inflammation associated with the infection.
